Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology

The ultrasound examination is the safest and most effective method for the evaluation of fetus development, pregnancy process and also for diagnosing women’s genital pathologies. A pelvic ultrasound allows quick visualization of the female pelvic organs and structures including the uterus, cervix, vagina, fallopian tubes and ovaries.It can be performed in 3 ways- transabdominal, transvaginal and transrectal scan.A pelvic ultrasound may be used to diagnose and assist in the treatment of the following conditions:

• Malformations of reproductive organs, which are the main cause of infertility and habitual miscarriages and in many cases remain undetected
• Abnormalities in the anatomic structure of the uterus, including endometrial conditions
• Fibroid tumors (benign growths), masses, cysts, and other types of tumors within the pelvis
• Cancer in your ovaries, uterus, or bladder

The first fetal ultrasound is usually done during the first trimester to confirm the pregnancy and estimate how long you've been pregnant. It provides a safe way to evaluate the health of an unborn baby. Doppler ultrasound. A Doppler ultrasound measures slight changes in the ultrasound waves as they bounce off moving objects, such as blood cells. It can provide details about a baby's blood flow.It is used in pregnancy to study blood circulation in the baby, uterus and placenta.

The normal results of dopplerography show the normal state of the fetus but do not exclude the rise of certain complications at further stages. After 30 weeks it is a preferred component during the ultrasound examination. Doppler ultrasound is important in the following cases:

• Arterial hypertension
• Incompatibility with fetal size in relation to pregnancy period
•  Anemia
• Toxicosis
• History of habitual miscarriages, infertility
• Kidney, cardiovascular diseases
• Low levels of amniotic fluid